Symptoms And Treatment Of Dry Eye - 1359 Words

Dry eye is a disorder of the precorneal tear film due to tear deficiency or excessive evaporation which causes damage to the interpalpebral ocular surface and is associated with symptoms of ocular discomfort. The causes of dry eye include defect in the tear film (aqueous layer, mucin layer and lipid layer), lid surface abnormalities and epithelial defects. Around 5% of urban Indian population suffers from Type 2 diabetes mellitus.1,2 Approximately 370 million people across the world are expected to be affected by diabetes by 2030.3 According to an Indian study by Khurana et al4, dry eye is incident among 0.46% of ophthalmology outpatients in India. A hospital based study conducted at New Delhi showed the overall prevalence of dry eye in patients attending Ophthalmology OPD based on Ocular Surface Disease Index to be 29.25% in patients over 40 years of age.5 Another clinico-cytological study found 57% of patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus attending Ophthalmology OPD to be afflicted with Dry eye syndrome according to McMonnie’s questionnaire.6 The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in Indian urban population with Diabetes Mellitus was found to be 18%.7 The manifestations of ocular surface disease in diabetes include defect in tear film quantity and quality, goblet cell loss, higher grade of squamous metaplasia and reduced corneal sensation which are affected by status of metabolic control and peripheral neuro The presence of retinopathy is often accompanied by otherShow MoreRelatedSymptoms And Treatment Of Dry Eye1827 Words   |  8 PagesDry eye is a chronic and progressive disease of the ocular surface that affects 30% of the worldwide, aging population.1 According to the 2007 International Dry Eye Workshop (DEWS), dry eye is defined as a multifactorial disease that results in symptoms of discomfort, visual disturbance, and tear film instability.2 Risk factors include, but are not limited to: female gender, age, contact lens wear, systemic disease, use of medications and refractive surgery. Dry eye is an umbrella term encompassingRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of A Dry Eye Syndrome1515 Words   |  7 PagesKeratoconjunctivitis Sicca, also known as Dry Eye Syndrome, is a commonly diagnosed condition in eye care clinics, especially among older adults (1). The condition occurs when the surface of the eye becomes irritated and the tear reflexes are not sufficient to wash the irritation a way. The immune system is then activated to attack the irritation, and T-cells begin to release cytokines onto the ocular surface. Prolonged exposure to cytokines can cause damage to the tissues of the eye, including the lacrimal glandsRead MoreMacular Degeneration in Two Forms Essay646 Words   |  3 PagesMacular Degeneration is a disease of the eye that gradually causes loss of a person’s central vision. Approximately 1.75 million Americans suffer from vision loss associated with the disease (All About Vision 1). The leading cause of blindness in people over the age of 60, Macular Degeneration, exists in two types (National Eye Institute 1). Both the wet and dry versions of the disease have similarities in risk factors, but differ in symptoms and treatments. Although the causes of each type of theRead MoreUltraviolet Radiation Cause And Effect Essay1750 Words   |  7 PagesESL 099W Writing Reading Cliff Ishida, Cause Effect Essay, August 9, 2017 The effects of ultraviolet radiation are the cause of eye disease The twenty-first century is the century of developing everything on this planet, which has been developed by the human. While humans were developing their house, doing activities, using transportation, structuring manufacturing industry, burning the fuel and cutting the tree, these activities bring toxins into the atmosphere and destroyed the ozone. â€Å"DepletionRead MoreThe s Syndrome : A Disease Of The Inflammatory System917 Words   |  4 Pagesdisease. Symptoms are usually seen later in life, between the ages of 45 and 55, with women more commonly affected than men (Wise, 2015). The condition is classified into two types: primary and secondary. Primary consists of dryness of the mouth and eyes, while secondary is often associated with another immune system disorder, like rheumatoid arthritis, lupis, or scleroderma. Most often, it is presented in around 25 to 35 percent of rheumatoid arthritis patients. Both types share dry eye and mouthRead MoreEssay about Macular Degeneration1029 Words   |  5 Pages Macular Degeneration Condition: nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Macular Degeneration is a problem in the part of the eye that controls your sharpest central vision. It is a group of diseases that result in a loss of detailed vision. The brain will not just leave the spot empty, so it learns to fill it in with spotty macular cell damage. People most of the time dont tell their doctors (opthalmologists) about it until it is well in advance. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;There are two types of MacularRead More LASIK Vision Correction Essay1214 Words   |  5 PagesThere are definite risks as well as possible side effects involved. Some of the side effects are hazing, night glare and halos, loss of vision, dry eye, infections and corneal abrasions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  LASIK stands for Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis and is a procedure that permanently changes the shape of the cornea, the clear covering on the front of the eye, using an Excimer laser (â€Å"LASIK†). A knife, called a microkeratome, is used to cut a flap in the cornea. A hinge is left at one end of the flapRead MoreTreatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Essay1113 Words   |  5 Pagesdiseases. HIV goes through several different movements before it leads to AIDs. The first step is the serioconversion illness. This symptoms of this illness is very similar to the flu and an affected individual will typically experience this 1-2 months after connection with HIV. The next phase is asymptomatic infection in which the patient does not have any symptoms. During this step the immune system is starting to go downhill. A great deal depends on how long this phase will last such as, how fastRead MoreAfrica Case Study1070 Words   |  5 Pagesincluding Ebola, is a group of illnesses caused by a distinct family of viruses known as Filoviruses family. The viruses often cause sev ere life-threatening disease. Initial symptoms are non-specific which means that they can take the symptom of other endemic diseases (mimic) – fever, headache, vomiting, extreme weakness etc. Symptoms often accompanied by ‘hemorrhage’. RNA viruses, enveloped in a fatty (lipid) coating â€⠀œ hence soap is good for disinfection. To survive, it is dependent upon an animal orRead More Graves Disease Essay981 Words   |  4 Pagesand symptoms of Graves’ disease. Symptoms of Graves’ disease include anxiety, irritability, insomnia, tiredness, irregular or accelerated heart rate, and sensitivity to heat. Sign of Graves’ disease are tremors in the hands and fingers, weight loss, brittle hair, goiter, menstrual cycle changes, and more frequent bowel movements. People with Graves’ disease also report having symptoms of Graves’ opthalmopathy, also known as thyroid eye disease. This can include bulging of the eyes, itchy eyes, red

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Project Management for Bureaucratic Organizational- MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theProject Management for Bureaucratic Organizational Structure. Answer: The aim of the present paper is to make a profound reflection on the experiences and lessons learned by me from assignment one, which has been about change management My chief purpose will be here to show my understanding regarding the need of change management along with the potential objects, which are required for bringing a successful change in management. First, I want to mention that I have come to realize that in change management, a project can fail due to the effect of scope creep. I have understood that scope creep refers to uncontrolled growth or continuous change in a project after it has been inaugurated. A business outcome can only be called a scope creep when it grows beyond the anticipated growth. Furthermore, I have understood the fact that if an organization experience scope creep in time of implementing new changes in management, the project could not be accomplished on time. Most importantly, due to scope creep, the project managers of an organization suffer the most (Cameron and Green 2015). I believe it is because of the fact that due to unanticipated growth or change, they encounter stress and since they attempt to remain reasonably close to the projected budget as well as to the planned schedule and time. Due to scope creep, project managers are forced to adjust time, capital and materials, which most of the time tu rns the result into a complete disaster. Nevertheless, prior to further illustrate my experiences, I think it is essential first to emphasize the particular project on which the aspect of change management has been applied. The particular project that has been in need of a change management is about a project of serious gym construction that required new electrical installations, a modified company website and three facility suppliers for minimizing the work load. Further, I would like to mention that the gym construction company required a well-designed interior as well as exterior. I believe the aforementioned requirement of the gym construction agency is due to the fact that there has been probably lack of human strength and a proper business plan prior to start the business. It is evident based on the fact that the existing project manager as well as the contractor has been suffering from extreme work pressure. I have come to realize the fact that such issues in business arise when an organization does not design a prop er business plan as well as does not estimate an a proper budget (Hayes 2014). It is understandable that the organization has not appropriately estimated a budget and because of that the organization now requires to have an additional budget worth of $60,000 in order to hire the identified sources above. Most significantly, from the brief risk assessment, I have come to realize that high amount of risk is related to the plan of the increasing budget. I realized that the anticipated outcome for which the estimated new budget can have both negative and positive result. It is because quality does not only come by high investment. Without adequate amount of dedication and recruitment of appropriately experienced and professional individuals, a proper investment would end up in disappointment (Hornstein 2015). Therefore, I personally believe that the organization should pay attention in time of hiring web designer and electric supplier for accomplishing the change. I have understood the fact that besides having the probability of the issue of lack of quality, the organization probably faces coordination issue among the contractors and the management. Most significantly, I have learnt that implementation of change management always come with potential resistance from the existing employee and management group (Van der Voet 2014). I believe therefore, the organization should procure convenient strategies to prevent the resistance. However, I have learnt that with the implementation of new electrical instrument and new webpage, the organization would avail more customers and more market recognition. I have realized this particularly, after identifying that attractive web page and trendy and up-to-date machineries increase the brand awareness among the target audience (Hornstein 2015). Most significantly, I have learnt that implementation of proper equipments help an organization in meeting its deadline of work. However, one of the most significant aspects understood by me is, it is significant at the very initial stage to discuss about the need to bring change in a project and to identify risks related to it, with the investor or sponsor and the project team. It is because, in order to accomplish a change it is required first to get enough information about the issue, for which a discussion with the project team of an organization is necessary. References Cameron, E. and Green, M., 2015.Making sense of change management: a complete guide to the models, tools and techniques of organizational change. Kogan Page Publishers. Hayes, J., 2014.The theory and practice of change management. Palgrave Macmillan. Hornstein, H.A., 2015. The integration of project management and organizational change management is now a necessity.International Journal of Project Management,33(2), pp.291-298. Van der Voet, J., 2014. The effectiveness and specificity of change management in a public organization: Transformational leadership and a bureaucratic organizational structure.European Management Journal,32(3), pp.373-382.